Asthma

Asthma: Symptoms, Types and Treatment

Asthma

Asthma is a respiratory disease. In fact, it is a respiratory disease. Its English name is asthma which comes from the Greek word asthma. Asthma in Bengal. Which means panting or yawning. By asthma we mean shortness of breath that obstructs the airways.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pulmonary airways. It is characterized by recurrent symptoms of varying degrees of severity and, if left untreated, worsening of the respiratory system, and progressing to conditions such as bronchospasm or narrowing of the airways, leading to asthma. Symptoms include wheezing, coughing, chest tightness (tightening of the chest muscles), and shortness of breath. These can occur more than once a day and gradually over a week. Individual asthma symptoms may increase at night or even with heavy work or exercise or sports.

Asthma is thought to be caused by genetic or environmental factors. Environmental factors include air pollution and the presence of allergens or allergens in the air. Other causes include aspirin and beta-blockers. The type of symptom is examined, the basis of the drug being administered is how it works on the person (in the long run) and the function of the lungs is examined by spirometry. To understand how complicated asthma is, it is necessary to look at how quickly the symptoms appear, as well as the volume of the breath per second, which is called (FEV1) and peak flow is used. It is also divided into atopic and non-atopic where atopic is the type 1 type of sensitive response.

There is no prescriptive drug that will stop the flow of emotions, though their effects can be curtailed. Causes of asthma before the onset of symptoms, such as allergens, an environment or substance that threatens the respiratory system, can be stopped if asthma symptoms can be stopped by taking corticosteroids. If asthma is not controlled with corticosteroids alone, long-term beta-agonist or antinicotine agents may be used. Short-term beta-2 agonists such as salbutamol and corticosteroids may be inhaled when asthma progresses rapidly, which rapidly improves the patient's condition. Severe symptoms may require intravenous corticosteroids, magnesium sulfate, and hospitalization.

More than 150 million people worldwide suffer from asthma. Every year 50,000 people are infected with this disease in Bangladesh and only five percent of the patients get treatment.

Symptoms of Asthma

Asthma is characterized by repeated shortness of breath and difficulty breathing, chest tightness or tightness of the chest muscles, shortness of breath (shortness of breath) and cough. Cough may form from the lungs after the onset of symptoms but it does not want to come out easily. When the level of asthma decreases, saliva may come out which looks like white water due to eosinophils (white blood cells). Asthma symptoms are more common at night and early in the morning. And some people do hard work such as exercise, running, etc. Asthma can increase. Even in cold weather, some people's asthma increases. Some asthma patients rarely suffer from symptoms whereas others are more frequent and persistent.

Types of Asthma

Asthma can manifest in human body in three ways:

After a few minutes or a few hours, the seemingly well-to-do person suddenly begins to have shortness of breath and the pain subsides and the patient feels well again.

Shortness of breath starts suddenly and does not subside; In addition, it tends to increase. No medicine reduces asthma. If the condition persists for more than twelve hours, the type of asthma is called status asmaticus or persistent acute asthma.

There is always a slight obstruction in the airway of a class of patients. Having this condition for many days reduces the feeling of pain and the patient feels less pain. If for some reason there is more obstruction in the airway, then asthma is felt.

Treatment of Asthma

Inhalers are the first medicine to relieve asthma. It is of two types, short term and long term. A number of inhalers are used for immediate relief of shortness of breath, such as salbutamol, salmeterol, and formoterol.

Steroid inhalers are used to prevent asthma attacks. Commonly available as fluticasone and budesonide steroid inhalers. Steroid inhalers are essential in the treatment of asthma in allopathy.

Long-term sedatives and preventive steroids are currently available on the market in the same inhaler. However, long-term use of these drugs has some side effects.

Another medicine that is used to treat asthma is called Montelukast. It reduces the risk of asthma attacks by reducing inflammation of the airways.

Theophylline - This drug relaxes the muscles that are circulating in the airways, which contract during an asthma attack, increasing the width of the airways inside.

Oral steroids - It is available in tablet or syrup form. It is to be used for a few days during acute attacks of asthma.