Obesity Treatment

Obesity Treatment

The main treatments for obesity include firstly a low-calorie nutritious diet and secondly adequate physical activity. A low-calorie, healthy eating program can help you lose weight in a short period of time, but keeping the weight off can be difficult and sometimes requires exercise. At the same time, low-calorie foods can become a permanent part of the person's lifestyle. The success rate of losing weight and keeping it off long-term is very low. This success rate is 2-20 percent.

Obesity 

Obesity is a special condition of the body, in this condition, excess fat or fat-like substances accumulate in the body and have a harmful effect on health, as a result, life expectancy can be reduced and various physical problems can occur at the same time. Body mass index (BMI) is a ratio of body height and weight, which can be used to understand whether a person is overweight (pre-obese). A person is considered obese or overweight if his body mass index (BMI) is between 25 kg/m2 and 30 kg/m2, and when his body mass index (BMI) is greater than 30 kg/m2 he is considered overweight or obese. .

Causes of obesity

Excessive caloric intake, lack of physical labor, inherited traits, in some cases genetic mutations, hormonal disorders, drug side effects, mental illness etc. can be blamed for obesity.

A combination of, firstly, excessive carbohydrate intake relative to individual needs, and secondly, insufficient physical activity relative to carbohydrate intake, is considered to be the main cause of obesity. In a limited number of cases genetics, medical or mental illness is the primary cause. On the contrary, increasing obesity rates at the societal level are attributed to the availability and palatability of food, increased dependence on automobiles, and increased use of production machinery.

A 2006 review cited ten other possible causes for the recent rise in obesity. (1) Inadequate sleep, (2) Endocrine disruption (environmental stress involving lipid metabolism), (3) Decreased environmental temperature variation, (4) Decreased smoking rate as smoking reduces appetite, (5) Increased drug use. Factors that may cause weight gain (eg, non-representative antipsychotics), (6) tendency to gain weight at a disproportionate rate in the elderly and elderly, (7) becoming pregnant at an older age (which may also cause obesity in children) , (8) that epigenetic risk is also inherited, (9) natural selection for high BMI, and (10) assortative mating may result in the concentration of risk factors for obesity (although resulting in an exclusively obese individual). the number will not increase, but the average weight of the population will increase). There is substantial evidence for the influence of all these factors on the prevalence of obesity. However, this evidence is not yet fully conclusive. Even researchers say these factors are less influential than the factors discussed in the previous section.

Obesity symptoms

Medical illnesses that increase the risk of obesity include a number of abnormal symptoms (listed above) as well as congenital and acquired conditions: hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, growth hormone deficiency, and eating disorders: binge drinking disorder and night eating symptoms. However, obesity is not considered a mental disorder and is therefore not listed in the DSM-IVR as a mental illness.

Effects of obesity

Obesity has the potential to cause physical and mental health problems. In addition to the main problem, several other problems appear, such as metabolic syndrome or cardiovascular disease and diabetes or diabetes, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol and high triglyceride levels.

Obesity either causes complications directly, or indirectly through lack of balanced nutrition and sedentary lifestyle. The link between obesity and certain conditions can be reversed. In this case, there is a high possibility of second stage diabetes. Excess body fat increases the risk of diabetes by 64% in men and 77% in women.

Many problems arise when the level of body fat increases, it can be divided into two categories, firstly it is considered as a source of diseases such as osteoarthritis, insomnia, social stigma and secondly if the level of lipids increases in the blood, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, Drug-induced fatty liver disease may occur. When body fat increases, insulin does not respond as well, and subsequently insulin loses its ability to regulate blood sugar. Increased fat levels can lead to inflammation and blood clotting.

Obesity BMI

A person with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 kg/m2 and 30 kg/m2 is considered obese or overweight, and when a body mass index (BMI) is greater than 30 kg/m2, he is considered overweight or obese.

Obesity facts

Urbanization in developing countries is also playing a role in increasing obesity rates. China has an overall obesity rate of less than 5%, while some cities have obesity rates of over 20%.

Malnutrition in early life is thought to play a major role in the rise in obesity rates in developing countries. Changes that occur during endocrine malnutrition probably increase fat storage when calories become more readily available.

Risk factors for obesity

A recent study found a long-term benefit in all-cause mortality among certain subgroups of women with type 2 diabetes. However, weight loss did not improve significantly in men. A subsequent study found that among those who lost weight with specific goals, a mortality benefit was observed in people who were severely obese. A very effective treatment for obesity is bariatric surgery. However, due to its cost and risk of complications, researchers are looking for other effective but less invasive methods.

Types of obesity

Obesity is a physical condition; In this case, the body accumulates excess sebum and has harmful effects on health. Body Mass Index (BMI) has given the correct explanation and further evaluation has shown that this fat or fat is spread throughout the body depending on the waist-hip ratio and can lead to cardiovascular disease. Body mass index (BMI) correlates with body fat percentage and total body fat.

The weight of healthy children varies according to the child's age and sex. Childhood and adolescent obesity can never be analyzed in terms of actual numbers, as it has historically been associated with normal groups, such as having a body mass index (BMI) higher than the 95th percentile when obesity is measured. Percentile data is based on the data available from 1963 to 1994 and it is considered that the data has not changed much despite the recent increase in weight.

BMI is calculated by dividing a person's mass by the square of their height, usually expressed in metric or US customary units.

US Customary and Imperial: Weight of objects is measured in pounds and height of objects is measured in inches. The most widely used definition established by the World Health Organization (WHO) was developed in 1997 and published in 2000, as shown in the table to the right. Some organizations have made several changes to the WHO definition. Class 3 obesity is further subdivided in the surgical literature, but the precise definition is still controversial.

Any BMI ≥ 35 or 40 is morbidly obese

A BMI ≥ 35 or 40—44.9 or 49.9 is morbid obesity.

A BMI ≥ 45 or 50 is obesity

A lower BMI has led to several negative health consequences in Asian populations compared to Caucasians, with some countries redefining obesity; If the BMI is more than 25, the Japanese call it obesity, and the Chinese call it more than 28.